Process of centrifugally separating refrigerated ingredients and centrifugal bowl used in such process



'ifiwzfifi PROCESS OF CENTRIFUGALLY SEPARATING REFRIGERATED INGREDIENTS AND C. H. HAPGOOD Nov 6 1923.

GENTRIFUGAL BOWL USED IN SUCH PROCESS Filed Got. 22, 1921 EBQCZKSS F CEI'lTEIFUGALLY SEffARihTING REFRZG-EEATED INGREDL'EETS 333E 3 TRIFUGAL To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, rRUs HOWARD HAIL. soon, a citizen of the United States, residing aLNutley, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes of Centrifugally Separating Refrigerated Ingredients and Centrifugal Bowls Used in Such Processes, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

in the centrifugal separation of certain, mineral oil derivatives, it is known to subiect certain solutions of such derivatives to a temperature sufiicien'tly low to solidify one of the ingredients and to then subject the mixture to centrifugal force for the purpose of separating the liquid ingredient from the solid ingredient. One such process involves the separation of wax (parafllne) from wax distillates; In this process a temperature of from. twenty degrees to thirty-live degrees F. is required to crystallize the was. Another process involves the blending of cylinder stock or bright stock (a residue of successive distillation? of crude oil) with-naphtha and the. refrigeration of the blended stock to throw out of solution the petrolatum (amorphone wax). II? this process a temperature of about zero F. is usually recommended. Recent experiments with the process have shown that to "some a F. pour test, the temperature 0i refrigeration should not be over about -5 F.

. In the centrifugal separation of such rei"rigerated mineralxoil stock, particularly when the temperature of refrigeration is drive the centrifugal bowl.

observed was developed in the practice of the process was the formation upon the outer wall of the bowl of a multitude of irregulairly distributed lumps of ice vdue to condensation of atmospheric moisture upon the coldobowl surface. I became convinced that thepresence of these ice lumps was a primary, if not the sole, cause of abnormal re sistance to rotation, it being clear to me that the atmosphere exerts a pronounced resist- BOWL USES ZEN SUSE EEi/DCESS.

Application filedi'lctooer ".32, 3.9%. Sharia Ho. 5%,8Zil.

once (windage) to high speed rotation of of moisture upon such surface, or by throw ing oi the moisture immediately after condensation, or by throuing oii' any lumps of ice that might form from such condensed. moisture before the same had attained a number or bulk sufficient to create substantail air resistance, l succeeded in sclvino this problem by applying to the outer wall. of the bowl a coating of a substance regcellant to-water, that lo: a substance which has no capacity of adhesion to water or ice sui i clent to resist the centrifugal force tending to throw the same off the bowl surface, I found that I obtained the most satisfactory results by applying to the bowl surfacea solution of parafiin in bemol and than allowing the hen sol. toevaporate, leaving: the bowl coated with a smooth and practically permaline are satisfactory substitutes for narafiin, Other solvents of paraiiiu, as 'benaine, naphtha and gasoline, have been found available. It is clear, also the substance of the invention is not limited to the employment of any particular coating: in-

nent film of paraiiln. Petrolatum and racegradient, nor even to the application of the coating ingredient by dissolving it in solvent and then evaporating the solvent though this method of ajoplication the coating medium and the particular coating media specified have advantages,

With a bowl so coated the motor never burned out. and after the bowl is operated for a su stantial length cftin'ie its surface remains in its initially smooth condition.

The burning out of the motor is not the only serious objection to the centrifugation of refrigerated ingredient-s. it is observed, in the separation of petroiatum from. cylinder stock. that the out-let the heavier ingredicntwas and naphtha, naphtha be ing carried out with both separated ingredients) frequently becomes throttled or even altogether stopped up by the formation and accumulation of ice adjacent the outlet. This phenomena is not so plausibly explicable on the theory of direct condensatioh of ill 'ging the showing thebowl wall. with a water outtlowing with the wax a and that. such Water is either stock or is condensed from red. The origin of such water is, owever, no essential importance, inasmuch as the phenomena of ice formation at the discharge outlet is effectually prevented h coating the surface of the bowl at the locus discifiarge with the water repellent so; stance hercinbefore mentioned.

out the centrifuging process obntinuousl' for an indefinite time and without danger burning: out the motor or clogtuscnurge for the heavier separated ingredient 7 I in the drawings: Fig". l is an elevation,

partly section. of a centrifugal bowl at opted to receive the coating above described. Fig. an enlarged crosssection coating of paraffin iicd thereon.

the bowl rota'able on a spindle b. c coating of paraiiin on the bowls exsurface, the thickness of the coating magnified.

is; clear that the invention is not limed in its epplication to the process of cen- 3 t1": .11 a ly separating mineral oil derivatives or to centri ugal b wls used in such process-es, but. that it is also applicable to the s or mint'ure of liquids and solids, and bowls use'd in such processes. Where temperature of the ingzi'edients, Whatthey be, undergoing centrifugal ution sufiicicntly iow to produce, under 0rd operas? 51 conditions, the 'ohcioo i. the use of my invenu llv prevent the phenomena m and desire to protect by Leo o 1 a temperature below the water, theslepofooverin on which lumps of ice ten to wi'aich, during the centrifuge-Hy scparatmisses rotation of the bowl, H O will not adhere and build up into lumps. 2. In the process of centrifugally separatmg ingredients at a temperature below the freezing point ofwater, the step of covering parts of the bowl exposed to atmospheric air with a substance repellent ()0 H O, thereby preventing the building up on said exposed areas of lumps of ice resulting from condor-n ,tsation and freezing of atmospheric mois ure.

In the process of centrifugally separating ingredients at a temperature below the freezing point of water, the step of applying to the outer surface of the bowl exposed to atmospheric air a layer'of material adapted to maintain said surface in a smooth condition and with which H O has no capacity of adhesion sufiicient to resist the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the bowl, thereby preventin the. building up on said exposed surface 0% lumps of ice that would create substantial atmospheric resistance to rotation of the bowl.

4. In the process of centrifugally separating ingredients at a temperature below the freezing point of Water, the step of applying, to the outer surface of the bowl and to the surface oven which a separated ingredient flows during discharge, a substance providing a smooth surface and to which, during rotation of the bowl, H O will not adhere and build up into lumps.

. 5. In the process of centrifugally separat ing ingredients at a temperature below the freezing point of water, the step of applying to the parts of the bowl on which lumps of ice tend to form, a substance repellent as described to H 0 and a solvent therefor and evaporating the solvent. 1

6. A centrifugal separating bowl having parts thereof on which, in the separation of the constituents of a refrigerated mixture, lumps of icetcnd to form. coated with a material to which. during the rotation of the bowl, H 0 will not adhere and buildup into lumps.

7. A centrifugal separating bowl having parts thereof exposed during rotation to atmospheric air and on which, in the separation of refrigerated ingredients, lumps of ice tend to form, coated with a substance repcllant to H 0, thereby preventing the building up on said exposed areas of lumps of ice resulting from condensation and freezing of atmospheric moisture.

8. A centrifugal separating bowl having;

its outer surface coated with a layer of material presenting a smooth surface and with which PLO has no capacity of adhesion sufficient, to resist the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the bowl, thereby, when the bowl is used for the separation of refrigerated ingredients, preventing the build- 1 ing up on said surface of lumps of ice that i providmg a smooth surface and to WZRKJD, during the cantrifugnll ingwtechents,

up lumps.

F811 is 2 CYRUS so 'mtiml 0:5? m'iigemtad iii:

n ts'timony bf which invention, I in .to set my hand, at Pin 15% day of Qvtobar am; baiid 

